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Rethinking Leadership in Drug Discovery
Great efforts have been dedicated to rebuilding the engine of pharmaceutical R&D. However, one potential area of improvement has received limited attention in the literature and in practice: namely, leadership. In this article, we enrich the traditional views of leadership, which consider leadership a responsibility of a few centrally placed authorities, with the concept of distributed leadership. Distributed leadership reflects a group-based capability driven by everyday activities and the key scientific questions at hand. We identify three leadership challenges faced by R&D teams that could be addressed by implementing distributed leadership. Furthermore, we provide some suggestions as to how to foster distributed leadership in drug discovery projects.
Knowledge sharing in an online community of volunteers: The role of community munificence
This study examines how perceived benefits, and context in online communities, shape members' intentions to share their knowledge. We build a model of knowledge‐sharing intention and provide empirical evidence using survey data collected from a community in which members voluntarily exchange their experiences, ideas, and questions on photographic equipment via online platforms. We find the perceived benefits and favorable conditions provided by a community (community munificence) – which consists of collective knowledge, experienced interdependence, opportunity structures, and psychological safety – influence individuals' motivation to contribute knowledge. We discuss managerial implications and outline suggestions for future theory building and empirical research.
Unlocking the value of personalised healthcare in Europe — breast cancer stratification
Through stratification, this simulation shows that there is great potential to improve the efficiency of treating breast cancer. By segmenting the female population at the age of 50 based on family history and genetic testing, our model shows a reduction in costs of breast cancer treatments by 37% with no loss of efficacy accomplished primarily through a 60% drop in incidence of metastatic stages of the disease.
These programmes are not inexpensive, and require substantial upfront investments of roughly 2 billion GBP and continued annual investments of several hundred million GBP. However, our simulations show a positive NPV and ROI in approximately year 7 of the programme.