This study furthers our understanding of value co-creation, which has received little attention in the doctor-patient encounter relationship. We employed a quantitative survey method to shed light on factors driving this fundamental service aspect, followed up with a multilevel data analysis. These factors (assurance, social skills, doctor-patient orientation) from the doctor significantly strengthen the effects of the patient-level factors (trust, perceptual beliefs, interactions) on the service engagement and outcomes of the focal doctorpatient dyad. We establish the cross-level interactive effects at the group level of the focal dyad on service engagement. The findings suggest service engagement at the group level had no significant effect on patients’ perceived value. We provide new empirical insights to understand and operationalize these fundamental influencing factors of the value co-creation concept in a healthcare setting, and contribute to the value co-creation literature.

Crowdfunding research has grown exponentially since the first academic papers on the topic in 2013 and received relatively more attention by academics than its importance in the economy would warrant. As no research exists that may guide our research question on how academics chose their research topic, this paper qualitatively explores through thirty interviews with crowdfunding scholars how the craze for crowdfunding research can be explained. Three categories of reasons emerged: scientific reasons, career reasons and socio-psychological reasons. Within each overarching category, we identify two or three second order themes, which are further split up in first order concepts. We hereby contribute not only to increase our understanding of how academics chose their research topics, but also to the adjacent theories of management fashions and schooling."