The influence of dynamism on macroenvironmental risk and firms’ risk management activities

Abstract

The macroenvironment constitutes a widely acknowledged source of firms’ risk in international business. A substantial body of research on macroenvironmental risks encapsulates a variety of measurement approaches, antecedents, and managerial consequences. However, a review of established macroenvironmental risk measures reveals that these measures strongly focus on the quality of the macroenvironment, assuming a rather static perspective and mainly excluding other dimensions. Building on prior research on macroenvironmental risk as well as on environmental dynamism, we argue that macroenvironmental dynamism - i.e. the frequency, intensity, and predictability of macroenvironmental variation - is a pivotal source of risk in international business, which so far only received limited attention. Moreover, we suggest that macroenvironmental dynamism influences firms’ risk management activities. We test our hypotheses using primary survey data on risk management activities from 161 foreign subsidiaries in six emerging countries and secondary data on the macroeconomic context in these countries. We find support for our hypotheses that macroenvironmental dynamism, if compared to macroenvironmental quality, exerts a strong influence on firms’ risk management activities. Our findings enhance the understanding of the dynamic nature of macroenvironmental risk in international business as well as provide a concept to comprehensively measure macroenvironmental dynamism that future research can build upon.